The waterfalls of Niagara were formed at the end of the last Ice Age, during the Wisconsin glaciation. They are composed of three waterfalls located on the international border between the US state of New York and the Canadian province of Ontario. The Falls are located between the twin cities of Niagara Falls, one in Ontario, Canada and one in the state of New York, USA. They are at a distance of 121 km (75 miles) South-Southeast of Toronto, Ontario and 27 km (17 miles) north-northwest of Buffalo, New York State. The three waterfalls are forming together the southern end of the Niagara Gorge. The American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls are located on the American side, the Horseshoe Falls is on the Canadian side of the border. The Goat Island is separating the Horseshoe Falls from the American Falls. The Luna Island is separating the Bridal Falls from the others waterfalls. The three waterfalls are on the Niagara River, a river connecting Lake Erie with Lake Ontario.
From all the waterfalls in the world, the Niagara Falls is having the highest flow rate, they are very wide and they have a vertical drop over 50 meters (165 feet). Their average water flow is almost 110,000 m3 (4 million cubic feet). Also, by flow rate and vertical height, the Horseshoe Falls is known as the most powerful waterfall in North America.
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